Lifespan of pond goldfish: how long do they live?

In an outdoor pool, in the middle of a pretty garden, the goldfish are of the most beautiful effect. Their shimmering color is perfect to give it life and cheerfulness. They are in principle resistant and inexpensive, which is not negligible.

Whether they are red, white, yellow or orange, they can live for a very long time, up to more than a decade. Of course, by respecting certain basic rules, whether in terms of food, care, environment and cohabitation.

Portrait of goldfish

The most popular fish for aquarium and pond enthusiasts, the goldfish is called “Carassius auratus”. Its adult size is about 20 centimeters, and can go up to 40 centimeters. In addition, it breeds easily and is inexpensive. It should be noted that this fish grows throughout its life, and according to the space devoted to it (the more space it has, the more it can lie down).

Coming from China, it arrived in Europe at the end of the 17th century. Of several varieties and different colors, it is mainly vegetarian but can delight in some insects and small aquatic animals.

Finally, we can say that it resists very well to winter temperatures, even if the basin is covered with ice. But, of course, this requires giving it an environment that suits it, such as at least one meter deep water. It can thus warm up in the mud. The same conditions allow it to feel cool in summer.

This optimal environment has another interest: to help it hide from potential predators such as large birds, such as herons, and cats.

Useful care for the longevity of pond goldfish

This fish reproduces easily, it is advisable first of all not to overpopulate the basin. Overpopulation can be disastrous for the balance of this aquatic environment. In principle, it takes 0.2m³ per individual.

Adopting them in groups of at least 5 is ideal, being able to respect the quantity of water of 1,000 liters for 5 fish. It is also imperative, in order to keep them for a long time, to give them a diet adapted to their species, which is rich in vitamins and minerals.

However, in order not to worry too much, you should know that goldfish may not eat for two or three days. And, in winter, he can even content himself with one distribution per week.

Pond maintenance is also very important. It is advisable to maintain an ecological balance, by removing a surplus of dead leaves, in particular. You can leave them some, because they like to hide there or even look for some food there.

The lifespan of goldfish also depends, and above all, on the roommates you offer them. Indeed, some species need a lot of space, such as koi carp, which is also very popular with pond owners. Because, just for her, you need at least 1m³ of space. What about sturgeon, which requires 20m³!

Finally, remember to seek the advice of the professional from whom you will acquire your new tenants, because some species do not get along at all. They can even eat each other.

If everything is planned for ideal living conditions, your goldfish can live, according to hope, 5 to 10 years in an aquarium, against 15 to 20 years in a pond! A 43-year-old goldfish was even noted as a longevity record in England.

Goldfish in an aquarium: the rules that extend its life

In an aquarium, a goldfish lives 5 to 10 years on average, and longer in a large, well-kept tank. Three rules make the difference.

• Enough volume: allow at least 20 litres per goldfish, so at least 40 litres for a pair. An overstocked tank builds up waste and shortens their life.
• Regular water changes: replace about 30% of the water every two weeks, using treated tap water.
• Water tests: temperature between 16 and 23 °C depending on the variety, ammonia and nitrite at zero, pH between 7 and 7.4.

Delicate varieties: be careful when mixing

Not all varieties swim at the same speed. Common goldfish reach the food before slow varieties such as the lionhead. Kept together, these fancy goldfish can weaken because they don't eat enough. Find out about your varieties and, if necessary, keep them apart.

Varied feeding, without excess

A goldfish does better on varied food: suitable flakes or pellets, vegetables, small worms and insects. Keep track of how much and how often you feed: both overfeeding and underfeeding can contribute to deaths.

At what age should you worry?

A goldfish that lives past 10 has had a good life, and it is not unusual for it to die soon afterwards. On the other hand, a fish that doesn't reach 5 has often suffered from an unnoticed disease or deficiencies. Watch its behaviour and test the water if in doubt: our free water analysis helps you find the cause.

Frequently asked questions

How long does a goldfish live in a pond?

In a well-designed, well-maintained pond, a goldfish often lives 15 to 20 years. The recorded record is 43 years, in England.

How long does a goldfish live in an aquarium?

5 to 10 years on average, longer in a large aquarium with regular water changes and monitored water.

How many litres does a goldfish need?

In an aquarium, at least 20 litres per goldfish. In a pond, allow 1,000 litres for 5 goldfish.

Why did my goldfish die young?

The most common causes are too little water, poor water quality, unsuitable food, an unnoticed disease or difficult cohabitation with faster fish.